• Targeted Agents
• Early Drug Development
• Translational Research
• Immunotherapy
• Cellular Therapy

Mainly focused on proof-of-concept and proof-of-mechanism trials with targeted therapies with special emphasis on those in cell signaling, cancer stem cells, and immuno-oncology as well as epigenetics.

First-in-human studies of targeted therapies, rational combinations of targeted therapies, biomarker-driven trials, and trials in molecularly selected populations.

Linking clinical research at VHIO’s Research Unit for Molecular Therapy of Cancer (UITM) – CaixaResearch with the different areas of investigation carried out at our Institute such as the molecular analysis of patients’ tumors and molecular prescreening, as well as developing novel diagnostic tests (e.g. circulating DNA; Nanostring) with marketable pathways to select the best anti-cancer therapy or drug-drug combinations – covering some of the most promising targets in immune checkpoints and cytokines -matched to the aberrations of individual tumors.

Converging immuno-oncology and genomics to further advance precision medicine against cancer, and aim at expanding research in epigenetics

1. Terapia celular de próxima generación con TIL específicos de neoantígenos para pacientes con tumores resistentes a inhibidores de puntos de control inmunitario. PI: Elena Garralda. Funder: Instituto de Salud Carlos III. Period: 2021 – 2025.
2. CCE-DART. Building Data Rich Clinical Trials. PI: Elena Garralda. Funder: European Commission – Horizon 2020 – Research and Innovation Framework Programme. Period: 2021 – 2025. Basket of Baskets (BOB): a modular multi-basket trial to improve personalized medicine in cancer patients. Module 1: Immune Checkpoint Blockade in genomically selected populations. PI: Jordi Rodon/Irene Braña. Collaborator: Elena Garralda. Funder: ROCHE Period: 2017 – 2023. Module 2: FGFR inhibition (TAS120) in genomically selected populations. PI: Irene Braña. Funder: TAIHO. Period: 2019 – 2024. Module 3: Amivantamab in genomically selected population. PI: Irene Braña- Funder: Janssen.
3. SMART Experimental Cancer Medicine Trials eNABLED. PI: Elena Garralda. Collaborator: Rodrigo Dienstmann. Funder: AECC. Period: 2020 – 2025.
4. Redirection of T cells against HER2-driven tumors.PI: Joaquin Arribas. Collaborator: Elena Garralda. Funder: AECC. GCAEC19017ARRI.Period: 2019 – 2024.
5. Specific imaging of immune cell dynamics using novel tracer strategies. PI: Josep Tabernero. Collaborator: Elena Garralda. Innovative Medicines Initiative (IMI). Period: 2019 -2024.
6. Hold’em for Life Oncology Fellowship. University of Toronto. July 2020-July 2021. Project title: External validation of the VIGex gene expression signature as a novel biomarker for immuno-oncology interventions. PI: Alberto Hernando Calvo.
7. Division of Medical Oncology and Hematoloy (DMOH) fellowship award 2021. Award for the best clinical research fellow in the division of medical oncology and hematology. University Health Network. Princess Margaret Cancer Centre. Project title: External validation of the VIGex gene expression signature as a novel biomarker for immune-oncology interventions. PI: Alberto Hernando-Calvo.
8. 2020-2021: Hold’em for Life Oncology Fellowship. University of Toronto. July 2020-July 2021. Project title: External validation of the VIGex gene expression signature as a novel biomarker for immuno-oncology interventions. PI: Alberto Hernando-Calvo.
9. PCM4EU – Personalised Cancer Medicine for all EU Citizens – HORIZON-HLTH-2021-CARE-05 – grant agreement number – 101057091 – 01/2023 – 12/2024.
10. CanSERV:  Providing cutting edge cancer research services across Europe – HORIZON-INFRA-2021-SERV-01 – grant agreement number – 101058620 – 09/2022 – 08/2025.
11. Investigación y desarrollo clínico de dos nuevas inmunoterapias para el cáncer basadas en la modulación de adenosina (expediente: RTC-2017-5868-1).Proyecto financiado por el Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades

El presente proyecto está cofinanciado por el Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional. Objetivo Temático: Promover el desarrollo tecnológico, la innovación y una investigación de calidad.

• Mateo J, Steuten L, Aftimos P, André F, Davies M, Garralda E, Geissler J, Husereau D, Martinez-Lopez I, Normanno N, Reis-Filho JS, Stefani S, Thomas DM, Westphalen CB, Voest E. Delivering precision oncology to patients with cancer. Nat Med. 2022 Apr;28(4):658-665.
• Subbiah V, Cassier PA, Siena S, Garralda E, Paz-Ares L, Garrido P, Nadal E, Vuky J, Lopes G, Kalemkerian GP, Bowles DW, Seetharam M, Chang J, Zhang H, Green J, Zalutskaya A, Schuler M, Fan Y, Curigliano G. Pan-cancer efficacy of pralsetinib in patients with RET fusion-positive solid tumors from the phase 1/2 ARROW trial. Nat Med. 2022 Aug;28(8):1640-1645.
• Tamborero D, Dienstmann R, Rachid MH, Boekel J, Lopez-Fernandez A, Jonsson M, Razzak A, Braña I, De Petris L, Yachnin J, Baird RD, Loriot Y, Massard C, Martin-Romano P, Opdam F, Schlenk RF, Vernieri C, Masucci M, Villalobos X, Chavarria E; Cancer Core Europe consortium; Balmaña J, Apolone G, Caldas C, Bergh J, Ernberg I, Fröhling S, Garralda E, Karlsson C, Tabernero J, Voest E, Rodon J, Lehtiö J. The Molecular Tumor Board Portal supports clinical decisions and automated reporting for precision oncology. Nat Cancer. 2022 Feb;3(2):251-261.
• Muik A, Garralda E, Altintas I, Gieseke F, Geva R, Ben-Ami E, Maurice-Dror C, Calvo E, LoRusso PM, Alonso G, Rodriguez-Ruiz ME, Schoedel KB, Blum JM, Sänger B, Salcedo TW, Burm SM, Stanganello E, Verzijl D, Vascotto F, Sette A, Quinkhardt J, Plantinga TS, Toker A, van den Brink EN, Fereshteh M, Diken M, Satijn D, Kreiter S, Breij ECW, Bajaj G, Lagkadinou E, Sasser K, Türeci Ö, Forssmann U, Ahmadi T, Şahin U, Jure-Kunkel M, Melero I. Preclinical Characterization and Phase I Trial Results of a Bispecific Antibody Targeting PD-L1 and 4-1BB (GEN1046) in Patients with Advanced Refractory Solid Tumors. Cancer Discov. 2022 May 2;12(5):1248-1265.
• Matos I, Villacampa G, Hierro C, Martin-Liberal J, Berché R, Pedrola A, Braña I, Azaro A, Vieito M, Saavedra O, Gardeazabal I, Hernando-Calvo A, Alonso G, Galvao V, Ochoa de Olza M, Ros J, Viaplana C, Muñoz-Couselo E, Elez E, Rodon J, Saura C, Macarulla T, Oaknin A, Carles J, Felip E, Tabernero J, Dienstmann R, Garralda E. Phase I prognostic online (PIPO): A web tool to improve patient selection for oncology early phase clinical trials. Eur J Cancer. 2021 Sep;155:168-178.
• Matos I, Garralda E. Clarification of Definitions of Hyperprogressive Disease During Immunotherapy. JAMA Oncol. 2021 Jan 1;7(1):136-137.
• Ho AL, Brana I, Haddad R, Bauman J, Bible K, Oosting S, Wong DJ, Ahn MJ, Boni V, Even C, Fayette J, Flor MJ, Harrington K, Kim SB, Licitra L, Nixon I, Saba NF, Hackenberg S, Specenier P, Worden F, Balsara B, Leoni M, Martell B, Scholz C, Gualberto A. Tipifarnib in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma With HRAS Mutations. J Clin Oncol. 2021 Jun 10;39(17):1856-1864.
• Ligero M, Garcia-Ruiz A, Viaplana C, Villacampa G, Raciti MV, Landa J, Matos I, Martin-Liberal J, Ochoa-de-Olza M, Hierro C, Mateo J, Gonzalez M, Morales-Barrera R, Suarez C, Rodon J, Elez E, Braña I, Muñoz-Couselo E, Oaknin A, Fasani R, Nuciforo P, Gil D, Rubio-Perez C, Seoane J, Felip E, Escobar M, Tabernero J, Carles J, Dienstmann R, Garralda E, Perez-Lopez R. A CT-based Radiomics Signature Is Associated with Response to Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Advanced Solid Tumors. Radiology. 2021 Apr;299(1):109-119.
• Rodon, J., Argilés, G., Connolly, R.M., Vaishampayan, Ulka, de Jonge, Maja, Garralda, Elena, Giannakis, Marios, Smith, David C., Dobson, Jason R., McLaughlin, Margaret E., Seroutou, Abdelkader, Ji, Yan, Morawiak Jennifer, Moody Susan E., Janku Filip. “Phase 1 study of single-agent WNT974, a first-in-class Porcupine inhibitor, in patients with advanced solid tumours”Br J Cancer (3 May 2021). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41416-021-01389-8
• P. Garrido, A. A. Adjei , J. Bajpai , S. Banerjee , A. S. Berghoff , S. P. Choo , E. Felip , A. J. S. Furness , E. Garralda , J. Haanen, A. Letsch, H. Linardou, S. Peters, C. Sessa, J. Tabernero, J. Tsang, J. C-.H. Yang1 & M. C. Garassino. “Has COVID-19 had a greater impact on female than male oncologists? Results of the ESMO Women for Oncology (W4O) Survey”. May 25, 2021.DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.esmoop.2021.10013
• Vieito M., Gardeazabal I., Matos I., Garralda E. (2020) “Development of Pharmacodynamic Biomarkers for Phase I Trials” In: Yap T.A., Rodon J., Hong D.S. (eds) Phase I Oncology Drug Development. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-47682-3_9
• Marta Ligero, Alonso Garcia-Ruiz, Cristina Viaplana, Guillermo Villacampa, Maria V. Raciti,  Jaid Landa,  Ignacio Matos,  Juan Martin-Liberal,  Maria Ochoa-de-Olza,  Cinta Hierro,  Joaquin Mateo, Macarena Gonzalez, Rafael Morales-Barrera, Cristina Suarez, Jordi Rodon, Elena Elez, Irene Braña, Eva Muñoz-Couselo, Ana Oaknin, Roberta Fasani, Paolo Nuciforo, Debora Gil, Carlota Rubio-Perez, Joan Seoane, Enriqueta Felip,  Manuel Escobar, Josep Tabernero, Joan Carles, Rodrigo Dienstmann, Elena Garralda, Raquel Perez-Lopez. “A CT-based radiomics signature is associated with response to immune checkpoint inhibitors in advanced solid tumors.” Radiology 2021. 299:1, 109-119. https://doi.org/10.1148/radiol.2021200928
• Matos I, Garralda “Clarification of Definitions of Hyperprogressive Disease During Immunotherapy”.JAMA Oncol. 2021;7(1):136–137. doi:10.1001/jamaoncol.2020.5582
• Tamborero D, Dienstmann R, Rachid MH, Boekel J, Baird R, Braña I, De Petris L, Yachnin J,Massard C, Opdam FL, Schlenk R, Vernieri C, Garralda E, Masucci M, Villalobos X, Chavarria E; Cancer Core Europe consortium, Calvo F, Fröhling S, Eggermont A, Apolone G, Voest EE, Caldas C, Tabernero J, Ernberg I, Rodon J, Lehtiö J. Support systems to guide clinical decision-making in precision oncology: The Cancer Core Europe Molecular Tumor Board Portal. Nat Med. 2020 Jul;26(7):992-994.
• Matos I, Martin-Liberal J, García- Ruiz A, Hierro C, Ochoa de Olza M, Viaplana C, Azaro A, Vieito M, Braña I, Mur G, Ros J, Mateos J, Villacampa G, Berché R, Oliveira M, Alsina M, Elez E, Oaknin A, Muñoz-Couselo E, Carles J, Felip E, Rodón J, Tabernero J,Dienstmann R, Perez-Lopez R, Garralda E. Capturing Hyperprogressive Disease with Immune-Checkpoint Inhibitors Using RECIST 1.1 Criteria. Clin Cancer Res. 2020 Apr 15;26(8):1846-1855.
• Drilon A, Oxnard GR, Tan DSW, Loong HHF, Johnson M, Gainor J, McCoach CE, Gautschi O,Besse B, Cho BC, Peled N, Weiss J, Kim YJ, Ohe Y, Nishio M, Park K, Patel J, Seto T, Sakamoto T, Rosen E, Shah MH, Barlesi F, Cassier PA, Bazhenova L, De Braud F, Garralda E, Velcheti V, Satouchi M, Ohashi K, Pennell NA, Reckamp KL, Dy GK, Wolf J, Solomon B, Falchook G, Ebata K, Nguyen M, Nair B, Zhu EY, Yang L, Huang X, Olek E, Rothenberg SM, Goto K, Subbiah V. Efficacy of Selpercatinib in RET Fusion-Positive Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer. N Engl J Med. 2020 Aug 27;383(9):813-824.
• van de Haar J, Hoes LR, Coles CE, Seamon K, Fröhling S, Jäger D, Valenza F, de Braud F, De Petris L, Bergh J, Ernberg I,Besse B, Barlesi F, Garralda E, Piris-Giménez A, Baumann M, Apolone G, Soria JC, Tabernero J, Caldas C, Voest EE. Caring for patients with cancer in the COVID-19 era. Nat Med. 2020 May;26(5):665-671.
• Rodon J, Soria, JC, Berger R, Miller, W H, Rubin E, Kugel A, Tsimberidou A, Saintigny P, Ackerstein A, Braña I, Loriot Y, Afshar M, Miller V, Wunder F, BressonC, Martini, JF, Raynaud, J, Mendelsohn, J, Batist, G, Onn, A, Tabernero, J, Richard L Schilsky, RL, Lazar, V, Lee, JJ, Kurzrock, R. Genomic and transcriptomic profiling expands precision cancer medicine: the WINTHER trial. Nat Med. 2019 May;25(5):751-758.
• Pascual-García M, Bonfill-Teixidor E, Planas-Rigol E, Rubio-Perez C, Iurlaro R, Arias A, Cuartas I, Sala-Hojman A, Escudero L, Martínez-Ricarte F, Huber-Ruano I, Nuciforo P, Pedrosa L, Marques C, Braña I, Garralda E, Vieito M, Squatrito M, Pineda E, Graus F, Espejo C, Sahuquillo J, Tabernero J, Seoane J. LIF regulates CXCL9 in tumor-associated macrophages and prevents CD8+ T cell tumor-infiltration impairing anti-PD1 therapy. Nat Commun. 2019 Jun 11;10(1):2416.
• Hierro C, Matos I, Martin-Liberal J, Ochoa de Olza M, Garralda E. Agnostic-Histology Approval of new drugs in Oncology: are we already there? Clin Cancer Res. 2019 Jun 1;25(11):3210-3219.
• Garralda E, Dienstmann R, Piris A, Braña I, Rodon J, Tabernero J. New clinical trial designs in the era of Precision Medicine. Mol Oncol. 2019 Mar;13(3):549-557
• Hierro C, Matos I, Martin-Liberal J, Ochoa de Olza M, Garralda E.Agnostic-Histology Approval of new drugs in Oncology: are we already there? Clin Cancer Res. 2019 Jan 22. pii: clincanres.3694.2018. doi: 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-18-3694. [Epub ahead of print]
• Atrafi F, Groen HJM, Byers LA, Garralda E, Lolkema MP, Sangha RS, Viteri S, Chae YK, Camidge DR, Gabrail NY, Hu B, Tian T, Nuthalapati S, Hoening E, He L, Komarnitsky P, Calles A. A Phase I Dose-Escalation Study of Veliparib Combined with Carboplatin and Etoposide in Patients with Extensive-Stage Small Cell Lung Cancer and Other Solid Tumors.  Clin Cancer Res. 2019 Jan 15;25(2):496-505. doi: 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-18-2014. Epub 2018 Oct 16. PubMed PMID: 30327308.
• Blanca Homet Moreno, Elena Garralda, Ricardo Hitt.Tyrosine kinase inhibitors in treating soft tissue sarcomas: sunitinib in non-GIST sarcomas,Clinical & translational Oncology, Educational Series 2010: 12; 468-472. DOI 10.1007/s12094-010-0539-z
• J. Sepulveda and E. Garralda. Neuro-oncology Diagnostic and Treatment Guide. Chapter 2.1: Meningealcarcinomatosis. Pages 83-92. ISNB: 978-84-694-8523-I.
• Banerjee S, Dafni U, Allen T, Arnold D, Curigliano G M.D, Garralda E, Garassino MC, Haanen J, Hofstädter-Thalmann E, Robert C, Sessa C, Tsourti Z, Zygoura P, Peters S. Gender-related challenges facing oncologists: the results of the ESMO Women for Oncology Committee survey. ESMO Open. 2018 Sep 21;3(6):e000422. doi: 10.1136/esmoopen-2018-000422. eCollection 2018. PubMed PMID: 30273420; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC6157518.
• Hofstädter-Thalmann E, Dafni U, Allen T, Arnold D, Banerjee S, Curigliano G M.D, Garralda E, Garassino MC, Haanen J, Robert C, Sessa C, Tsourti Z, Zygoura P, Peters S. Report on the status of women occupying leadership roles in oncology. ESMO Open. 2018 Sep 21;3(6):e000423. doi: 10.1136/esmoopen-2018-000423. eCollection 2018. PubMed PMID: 30273418; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC6157529.
• Cubillo A, Álvarez-Gallego R, Muñoz M, Pond G, Perea S, Sánchez G, Martin M, Rodríguez-Pascual J, Garralda E, Vega E, de Vicente E, Quijano Y, Muñoz C, Ugidos L, Toledo RA, Hidalgo M. Dynamic Angiogenic Switch as Predictor of Response to Chemotherapy-Bevacizumab in Patients With Metastatic Colorectal Cancer. Am J Clin Oncol. 2019 Jan;42(1):56-59. doi: 10.1097/COC.0000000000000474. PubMed PMID: 29975196.
• Ochoa de Olza M, Oliva M, Hierro C, Matos I, Martin-Liberal J, Garralda E. Early-drug development in the era of immuno-oncology: are we ready to face the challenges? Ann Oncol. 2018 Aug 1;29(8):1727-1740. doi: 10.1093/annonc/mdy225. PubMed PMID: 29945232.
• Subbiah V, Gainor JF, Rahal R, Brubaker JD, Kim JL, Maynard M, Hu W, Cao Q, Sheets MP, Wilson D, Wilson KJ, DiPietro L, Fleming P, Palmer M, Hu MI, Wirth L,  Brose MS, Ou SI, Taylor M, Garralda E, Miller S, Wolf B, Lengauer C, Guzi T, Evans EK. Precision Targeted Therapy with BLU-667 for RET-Driven Cancers. Cancer Discov. 2018 Jul;8(7):836-849. doi: 10.1158/2159-8290.CD-18-0338. Epub 2018 Apr 15. PubMed PMID: 29657135.
• Toledo RA, Garralda E, Mitsi M, Pons T, Monsech J, Vega E, Otero Á, Albarran MI, Baños N, Durán Y, Bonilla V, Sarno F, Camacho-Artacho M, Sanchez-Perez T, Perea S, Álvarez R, De Martino A, Lietha D, Blanco-Aparicio C, Cubillo A, Domínguez O, Martínez-Torrecuadrada JL, Hidalgo M. Exome Sequencing of Plasma DNA Portrays the Mutation Landscape of Colorectal Cancer and Discovers Mutated VEGFR2 Receptors as Modulators of Antiangiogenic Therapies. Clin Cancer Res. 2018 Aug 1;24(15):3550-3559. doi: 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-18-0103. Epub 2018 Mar 27. PubMed  PMID: 29588308.
• Hidalgo M, Martinez-Garcia M, Le Tourneau C, Massard C, Garralda E, Boni V, Taus A, Albanell J, Sablin MP, Alt M, Bahleda R, Varga A, Boetsch C, Franjkovic I, Heil F, Lahr A, Lechner K, Morel A, Nayak T, Rossomanno S, Smart K, Stubenrauch K, Krieter O. First-in-Human Phase I Study of Single-agent Vanucizumab, A First-in-Class Bispecific Anti-Angiopoietin-2/Anti-VEGF-A Antibody, in Adult Patients with Advanced Solid Tumors. Clin Cancer Res. 2018 Ap 1;24(7):1536-1545. doi: 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-17-1588. Epub 2017 Dec 7. PubMed PMID: 29217526.
• Garralda E, Dienstmann R, Tabernero J. Pharmacokinetic/Pharmacodynamic Modeling for Drug Development in Oncology. Am Soc Clin Oncol Educ Book. 2017;37:210-215. doi: 10.14694/EDBK_180460. Review. PubMed PMID: 28561730.
• Toledo RA, Cubillo A, Vega E, Garralda E, Alvarez R, de la Varga LU, Pascual  JR, Sánchez G, Sarno F, Prieto SH, Perea S, Lopéz-Casas PP, López-Ríos F, Hidalgo M. Clinical validation of prospective liquid biopsy monitoring in patients with wild-type RAS metastatic colorectal cancer treated with FOLFIRI-cetuximab. Oncotarget. 2017 May 23;8(21):35289-35300. doi: 10.18632/oncotarget.13311. PubMed PMID: 27852040; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC5471055.
• Toledo RA, Hatakana R, Lourenço DM Jr, Lindsey SC, Camacho CP, Almeida M, Lima JV Jr, Sekiya T, Garralda E, Naslavsky MS, Yamamoto GL, Lazar M, Meirelles O, Sobreira TJ, Lebrao ML, Duarte YA, Blangero J, Zatz M, Cerutti JM, Maciel RM,  Toledo SP. Comprehensive assessment of the disputed RET Y791F variant shows no association with medullary thyroid carcinoma susceptibility. Endocr Relat Cancer. 2015 Feb;22(1):65-76. doi: 10.1530/ERC-14-0491. Epub 2014 Nov 25. PubMed PMID: 25425582; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC4289937.
• Garralda E, Paz K, López-Casas PP, Jones S, Katz A, Kann LM, López-Rios F, Sarno F, Al-Shahrour F, Vasquez D, Bruckheimer E, Angiuoli SV, Calles A, Diaz LA, Velculescu VE, Valencia A, Sidransky D, Hidalgo M. Integrated next-generation sequencing and avatar mouse models for personalized cancer treatment. Clin Cancer Res. 2014 May 1;20(9):2476-84. doi: 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-13-3047. Epub 2014 Mar 14. PubMed PMID: 24634382; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC4322867.
• Gomez-Martin C, Plaza JC, Pazo-Cid R, Salud A, Pons F, Fonseca P, Leon A, Alsina M, Visa L, Rivera F, Galan MC, Del Valle E, Vilardell F, Iglesias M, Fernandez S, Landolfi S, Cuatrecasas M, Mayorga M, Jose Paulés M, Sanz-Moncasi P, Montagut C, Garralda E, Rojo F, Hidalgo M, Lopez-Rios F. Level of HER2 gene amplification predicts response and overall survival in HER2-positive Advanced gastric cancer treated with trastuzumab. J Clin Oncol. 2013 Dec 10;31(35):4445-52. doi: 10.1200/JCO.2013.48.9070. Epub 2013 Oct 14. PubMed PMID: 24127447.
• Sangro B, Gomez-Martin C, de la Mata M, Iñarrairaegui M, Garralda E, Barrera  P, Riezu-Boj JI, Larrea E, Alfaro C, Sarobe P, Lasarte JJ, Pérez-Gracia JL, Melero I, Prieto J. A clinical trial of CTLA-4 blockade with tremelimumab in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma and chronic hepatitis C. J Hepatol. 2013 Jul;59(1):81-8. doi: 10.1016/j.jhep.2013.02.022. Epub 2013 Mar 4. PubMed PMID: 23466307.
• Gómez-Martin C, Garralda E, Echarri MJ, Ballesteros A, Arcediano A, Rodríguez-Peralto JL, Hidalgo M, López-Ríos F. HER2/neu testing for anti-HER2-based therapies in patients with unresectable and/or metastatic gastric cancer. J Clin Pathol. 2012 Aug;65(8):751-7. doi: 10.1136/jclinpath-2012-200774.  Epub 2012 May 8. PubMed PMID: 22569536; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC3410298.
• Gomez-Martin C, Bustamante J, Castroagudin JF, Salcedo M, Garralda E, Testillano M, Herrero I, Matilla A, Sangro B. Efficacy and safety of sorafenib in combination with mammalian target of rapamycin inhibitors for recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma after liver transplantation. Liver Transpl. 2012 Jan;18(1):45-52. doi: 10.1002/lt.22434. PubMed PMID: 21932373.